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README.pod
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66
README.pod
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=head4 subst - commandline tool to replace file contents or file names
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This script can be used to replace something in a file or filename by using perl
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regular expressions. It can also be used to rename files based on regexes.
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=head4 Usage
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Usage: subst [-M <perl module>] [-t] -r 's/old/new/<flags>' [ -r '...', ...] [<file> ... | /regex/]
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subst [-M <perl module>] [-tR] -m 's/old/new/<flags>' [ -m '...', ...] [<file|dir> ... | /regex/]
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Options:
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-r replace contents of file(s)
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-m rename file(s)
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-R recursive (only used in conjunction with -m)
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-M load additional perl module to enhance /e functionality.
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-t test mode, do not overwrite file(s)
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Samples:
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- replace "tom" with "mac" in all *.txt files:
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subst -r 's/tom/mac/g' *.txt
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- rename all jpg files containing whitespaces:
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subst -m 's/ /_/g' '/.jpg/'
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- decode base64 encoded contents
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subst -M MIME::Base64 -r 's/([a-zA-Z0-9]*)$/decode_base64($1)/gem' somefile
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- turn every uri into a link
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subst -M "Regexp::Common qw /URI/" -r 's#($RE{URI}{HTTP})#<a href="$a">link</a>#g' somefile
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If <file> is -, STDIN will be used as input file, results will be printed
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to STDOUT. -t does not apply for STDIN input.
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Substitution regex must be perlish. See 'perldoc perlre' for details.
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=head4 Samples
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replace "tom" with "mac" in all *.txt files:
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subst -r 's/tom/mac/g' *.txt
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rename all jpg files containing whitespaces:
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subst -m 's/ /_/g' '/.jpg/'
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decode base64 encoded contents
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subst -M MIME::Base64 -r 's/([a-zA-Z0-9]*)$/decode_base64($1)/gem' somefile
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turn every uri into a link
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subst -M "Regexp::Common qw /URI/" -r 's#($RE{URI}{HTTP})#<a href="$a">link</a>#g' somefile
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=head4 Installation
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Copy L<subst> to B<$HOME/bin/subst>, that's all.
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No additional perl modules are required.
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=head4 Version
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1.1.5.
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Copyright (c) 2002-2021 - T.v. Dein
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=cut
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224
subst
Executable file
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subst
Executable file
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#!/usr/bin/perl
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#
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# subst - replace strings in one or more files using
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# perl regular expressions (~= s/// syntax).
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# Files will be edited inline (perl -i).
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#
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# Copyright (c) 2002-2021 - Thomas von Dein <tom@vondein.org>
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#
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use strict;
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use Getopt::Long;
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use Data::Dumper;
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use vars qw($VERSION $test $usage $version $me);
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my (@m, @r, @files, @M, $recursive);
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$VERSION = "1.1.5";
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$me = $0;
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$me =~ s(^.*/)();
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Getopt::Long::Configure( qw(no_ignore_case));
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if (! GetOptions (
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"regex|r=s" => \@r,
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"moveregex|m=s" => \@m,
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"recursive|R" => \$recursive,
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"module|M=s" => \@M,
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"test|t" => \$test,
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"help|h" => \$usage,
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"version|v" => \$version
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) ) {
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$usage = 1;
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}
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if ($version) {
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print STDERR "$me $VERSION\n";
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exit;
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}
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if ($usage || (! @r && ! @m)) {
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print qq~
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Usage: $me [-M <perl module>] [-t] -r 's/old/new/<flags>' [ -r '...', ...] [<file> ... | /regex/]
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$me [-M <perl module>] [-tR] -m 's/old/new/<flags>' [ -m '...', ...] [<file|dir> ... | /regex/]
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Options:
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-r replace contents of file(s)
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-m rename file(s)
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-R recursive (only used in conjunction with -m)
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-M load additional perl module to enhance /e functionality.
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-t test mode, do not overwrite file(s)
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Samples:
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- replace "tom" with "mac" in all *.txt files:
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subst -r 's/tom/mac/g' *.txt
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- rename all jpg files containing whitespaces:
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subst -m 's/ /_/g' '/\.jpg/'
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- decode base64 encoded contents
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subst -M MIME::Base64 -r 's/([a-zA-Z0-9]*)\$/decode_base64(\$1)/gem' somefile
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- turn every uri into a link
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subst -M "Regexp::Common qw /URI/" -r 's#(\$RE{URI}{HTTP})#<a href="\$a">link</a>#g' somefile
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If <file> is -, STDIN will be used as input file, results will be printed
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to STDOUT. -t does not apply for STDIN input.
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Substitution regex must be perlish. See 'perldoc perlre' for details.
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Version: $VERSION. Copyright (c) 2002-2021 - Thomas von Dein <tom\@vondein.org>
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~;
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exit;
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}
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# load modules, if any
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foreach my $module (@M) {
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eval "use $module";
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if ($@) {
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die $@;
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}
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}
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# check regex's
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local $_= "";
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foreach my $regex (@r, @m) {
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eval $regex;
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if ($@) {
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print STDERR "ERROR: failed to compile regex \'$regex\':\n $@\n";
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exit;
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}
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}
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# see if files arg is a regex
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if ($ARGV[0] =~ /^\/(.*)\/$/) {
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my $freg = $1;
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opendir LOC, ".";
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while (my $file = readdir(LOC)) {
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next if ($file eq '.' || $file eq '..');
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if ($file =~ /$freg/) {
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push @files, $file;
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}
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}
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closedir LOC;
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}
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else {
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@files = @ARGV;
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}
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if (@r) {
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# actually, do the substitute
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foreach my $file (@files) {
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next if (-l $file);
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next if (! -e $file);
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my $tmpfile = &gettemp();
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if ($file eq '-') {
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*T = *STDIN;
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*F = *STDOUT;
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}
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else {
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next if (-l $file);
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next if (! -e $file);
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if ($test) {
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open T, "<$file" or die "Could not read file \'$file\': $!\n";
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}
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else {
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system("cp", $file, $tmpfile) and die "Could not make copy of \'$file\': $!\n";
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open T, "<$tmpfile" or die "Could not read file \'$tmpfile\': $!\n";
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open F, ">$file" or die "Could not write file \'$file\': $!\n";
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}
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print STDOUT "$file:\n";
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}
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select F;
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my %matches;
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while (<T>) {
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foreach my $regex (@r) {
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$matches{$regex} += eval $regex;
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}
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if ($file eq '-' || !$test) {
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print;
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}
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}
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if ($file ne '-') {
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foreach my $regex (keys %matches) {
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print STDOUT " \'$regex\' --- " . $matches{$regex} . " matches\n";
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}
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}
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close T;
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close F;
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unlink $tmpfile;
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}
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}
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else {
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&recurse(@files);
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}
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sub recurse {
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my @files = @_;
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foreach my $file (@files) {
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next if (-l $file);
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next if (! -e $file);
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if (-d $file) {
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if ($recursive) {
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opendir DIR, $file or die "Could not enter directory $file: $!\n";
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my @inside = map { "$file/$_" } grep { $_ ne '.' && $_ ne '..' } readdir(DIR);
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closedir(DIR);
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&recurse(@inside);
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}
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}
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&rename($file);
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}
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}
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sub rename {
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my $dirent = shift;
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my $dir = `dirname "$dirent"`;
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my $file = `basename "$dirent"`;
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chomp $dir;
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chomp $file;
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local $_ = $file;
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my $number;
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foreach my $regex (@m) {
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$number += eval $regex;
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}
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return unless "$dir/$file" ne "$dir/$_";
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if ($test) {
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print "t: mv \"$dir/$file\" \"$dir/$_\"\n";
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return;
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}
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my $sys = system("mv", "$dir/$file", "$dir/$_");
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if (! $sys) {
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# system() reverses return codes
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print "moved '$dir/$file' => '$dir/$_' ($number matches)\n";
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}
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else {
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print "failed to move '$dir/$file' => '$dir/$_'\n";
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}
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}
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sub gettemp {
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my($random, @range);
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@range=('0'..'9','a'..'z','A'..'Z');
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srand(time||$$);
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for (0..10) {
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$random .= $range[rand(int($#range)+1)];
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}
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my $tempfile = "/tmp/.subst-" . $random;
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if (-e $tempfile) {
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# avoid race conditions!
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unlink $tempfile;
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}
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return $tempfile;
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}
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